Which European countries are oldest and youngest?
Italy comes top at 49.1 years and Kosovo* bottom at 31.1 years. The EU-27 figure is 44.9 years.
The median age splits the population in two: half are older, half are younger. Population on 1 January.
These are survey estimates, so each comes with sampling error. Countries close together in the table may not really differ; treat near neighbours as roughly equal rather than as a strict ranking.
Most figures are for 2025; a few countries' latest figure is from 2022, shown in the table.
| Country | median | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Italy | 49.1 years | 2025 |
| Bulgaria | 47.3 years | 2025 |
| Portugal | 47.3 years | 2025 |
| Greece | 47.2 years | 2025 |
| Spain | 45.8 years | 2025 |
| Germany | 45.5 years | 2025 |
| Croatia | 45.5 years | 2025 |
| Slovenia | 45.5 years | 2025 |
| Serbia | 45.4 years | 2025 |
| Liechtenstein | 45.3 years | 2025 |
| Hungary | 44.8 years | 2025 |
| Latvia | 44.4 years | 2025 |
| Albania | 44.3 years | 2025 |
| Czechia | 44.3 years | 2025 |
| Lithuania | 44.3 years | 2025 |
| Romania | 44.1 years | 2025 |
| Austria | 43.8 years | 2025 |
| Finland | 43.5 years | 2025 |
| Poland | 43.4 years | 2025p |
| Slovakia | 43.0 years | 2025 |
| Switzerland | 42.9 years | 2025 |
| Estonia | 42.9 years | 2025 |
| France | 42.8 years | 2025p |
| Netherlands | 42.6 years | 2025 |
| Denmark | 42.2 years | 2025 |
| Belgium | 42.1 years | 2025 |
| North Macedonia | 42.1 years | 2025 |
| Ukraine | 42.0 years | 2022 |
| Moldova | 41.3 years | 2025 |
| Sweden | 41.2 years | 2025 |
| Cyprus | 41.0 years | 2025 |
| Norway | 40.8 years | 2025 |
| Montenegro | 40.4 years | 2025 |
| Malta | 40.0 years | 2025 |
| Luxembourg | 39.8 years | 2025 |
| Ireland | 39.6 years | 2025 |
| Georgia | 39.2 years | 2025 |
| Iceland | 37.2 years | 2025 |
| Türkiye | 34.4 years | 2025 |
| Kosovo* | 31.1 years | 2022 |
p = provisional figure, which may be revised.
*This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.
How do we know?
Source: Eurostat (European Commission), Eurostat demo_pjanind: Population structure indicators at national level. Source: Eurostat (demo_pjanind), Population structure indicators at national level. Reuse authorised with acknowledgement. Eurostat copyright and licence policy (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU; CC BY 4.0 for Commission content).
What kind of number: Published by the source; An estimate from a survey or statistical model.